This study was published in 2021 by the FIW Institute München.
Abstract:
Executive Summary
The integration of thermal insulation and heat pumps significantly boosts energy efficiency and is crucial for Germany's heat transition to meet the 2045 climate targets. This combination optimises electricity use, reduces grid strain, and allows for the operation of more heat pumps within the same grid capacity. Effective insulation reduces energy loss and keeps heat pump electricity consumption low, enhancing overall efficiency and resilience against energy price fluctuations.
Key Findings
Well-insulated buildings enable heat pumps to operate at peak efficiency, reducing the need for more powerful, less efficient units in uninsulated structures. Insulation also helps manage electricity loads, especially during winter, by storing heat and shifting heating demands to times when renewable energy is available. This load management is essential for grid stability and supports the development of smart neighbourhood networks, maintaining stable temperatures during power outages.
Recommendations
A comprehensive thermal insulation programme is critical for achieving climate protection goals in the building sector. This initiative should raise awareness among property owners, integrate renewable energy and systems technology, and leverage funding schemes like the "Federal Funding for Efficient Buildings" (BEG) to promote both insulation and advanced systems engineering. By prioritising thermal insulation, we can ensure a more sustainable, energy-efficient future.