Looking beyond reaction-to-fire classifications
Discussions about fire safety in buildings often focus on a single question: Is the insulation combustible? While reaction-to-fire classifications are an important part of fire safety assessment, they do not, on their own, determine how a building system performs during a fire.
Fire safety is assessed at system level. The interaction between insulation, protective layers, fixings, fire barriers, installation quality and the overall building design determines the behaviour of a construction element under fire conditions.
To support a more evidence-based discussion, EUMEPS has published Beyond the Label: Myths and Facts About Combustible Insulation, a technical review that examines common misconceptions using European standards, scientific literature and published fire investigation reports.
EUMEPS is pleased to share this publication as a useful resource for policymakers, regulators, fire safety professionals and all stakeholders involved in the design and regulation of buildings.
What the factsheet covers
The publication examines seven frequently repeated claims and compares them with the available technical evidence:
- Does combustibility alone determine whether a building is safe?
- Does plastic foam insulation automatically lead to fire spread?
- Is non-combustibility the same as fire resistance?
- What do the findings of the Grenfell Tower Inquiry actually say?
- Are combustible insulation materials responsible for most toxic smoke?
- Do flame retardants automatically make insulation hazardous?
- Do photovoltaic panels create a fire risk because of the insulation beneath them?
Rather than promoting one material over another, the document explains why modern fire safety relies on the performance of complete, tested construction systems and the correct application of European standards.
Evidence-based and referenced
The review draws on recognised European and international standards, peer-reviewed scientific publications, official investigation reports and full-scale fire testing. References include the Grenfell Tower Inquiry reports, Fire Technology, SFPE guidance and other recognised technical sources.
Download the factsheet
Beyond the Label – Myths and Facts About Combustible Insulation is intended for policymakers, regulators, designers, engineers and all stakeholders involved in building safety.
Download the publication to explore the evidence behind the discussion and understand why fire safety assessments should consider complete building systems rather than individual materials in isolation.
This publication was prepared by EUMEPS. It is intended for general informational purposes and does not constitute legal, regulatory or engineering advice. Readers should always refer to the applicable legislation, standards and competent professional guidance for specific projects.